Il-17F level or predictable ef

United States academics found that relapse ease multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients, Beta Interferon (IFN-beta) no answer may be treated with serum interleukin (IL) higher levels of -17F.　　　The papers published online March 28, 2010 in nature? medicine (Nat Med) magazine. IFN-beta is the main treatment of multiple sclerosis drug, but its effect is not clear.　　　Therefore, researchers in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in animal models and in patients with RRMS for evaluation. Results showed that IFN-β can be effective in reducing the secondary t-cell (TH) 1-induced EAE related symptoms, and effects associated with TH1 EAE spleen cells induced by IL-10 added. But TH17 cells in EAE, IFN-beta put pressure condition, without changing IL-10 standard but can reduce IL-17 to generate, however produces no therapeutic benefits. The researchers also found that the inhibition induced by IL-17 and IL-10 are dependent on the gamma interferon (IFN-γ). When you lack IFN-gamma signal transduction, IFN-beta on EAE is invalid. In RRMS patients, serum IL-17F concentrations above IFN-beta no answer of respondent. Compared with the respondent, no answer of the corticosteroid dosage is bigger, higher recurrence rates. www.cmt.com.cn  

FDA changes sunscreen labels

On June 14, the United States food and Drug Administration (FDA) announcement that, in line with modern standard sunscreen effectiveness, it is possible to add new information in the label to help consumers find can reduce the risk of skin cancer and premature aging of the skin, and helps to prevent sunburn.final rule allows to pass FDA inspection has protective UV A  (UVA) and ultraviolet b (UVB) for Sun products, labeled &ldquo, the wide spectrum ”. Both UVB and UVA radiation can cause sunburn, skin cancer and premature aging of the skin. Sun damage mainly caused by UVB radiation.under a new identity, regularly follow the instructions to use annotations for broad spectrum and SPF 15 (or higher) of sunscreen, and combined with other sun protection measures, will help prevent sunburn, reduce the risk of skin cancer and premature aging of the skin.If pass the necessary tests, Sunscreen SPF value 2—14 can be labeled as broad spectrum, but only those who are labeled as broad spectrum, and the SPF value ≥15 product before we can say when you follow the instructions to use, can reduce the risk of skin cancer and skin aging.non-broad spectrum of any product, or Although broad-spectrum SPF value is 2—14, will be required to mark alert, stating that the product does not appear useful to prevent skin cancer or skin from premature aging.addition to the new sunscreen labelling rules, FDA also proposed to limit the Max sun cream SPF “50+”, because there is not enough data show that SPF values above 50 can provide better protection than the SPF 50.original link: FDA Announces Changes to Better Inform Consumers About Sunscreen www.CMT.com.CN  

FDA changes recommended dose o

On June 24, the United States food and Drug Administration (FDA) announcement says, when the red blood cell stimulating factor (ESAs) for the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients when anemia, due to increased cardiovascular events (such as stroke, thrombosis and death) of the dangerous, the recommended dosage of the more conservative guidelines.ESAs is a synthetic human proteins, called erythropoietin, their original human red blood cells in bone marrow.ESAs has been approved for the treatment of CKD, chemotherapy, and other diseases caused by some types of anemia. ESA drugs including Australopithecus afarensis Epoetin Epsilon (Epoetin Alfa, trade names: Epogen and Procrit) and afadabei parking Ting (darbepoetinalfa, trade name: Aranesp).the modified recommendation be added to a black box warning on the box and the rest of the manual, because clinical trials have shown, when doses of ESAs used so that when the hemoglobin concentration in patients with normal or near normal, cardiovascular events (such as heart attacks and stroke) at increased risk. In addition, ESAs not appearing can improve patients ' quality of life, fatigue or health conditions.United States Director of the FDA Center for drug evaluation and Research Office of the new drug John · Jenkin (Slovakia) said “ medical personnel in the when started to use ESAs in patients with chronic kidney disease treatment, care should be taken into account, and to actively monitor the dose, the drug increases the risk of serious cardiovascular events in mind, and should inform their patients of the potential danger. &Rdquo;“ the goal is to give individualized treatment, with a minimum dose of ESA reduce the need for red blood cell transfusion in patients with ”.under United States Centers for disease control and prevention statistics, United States with more than 20 million cases of &GE;20 aged CKD patients. Prior to this, use doses of ESAs product label has been recommended for the CKD patient's haemoglobin levels up to and maintained at 10-12 g/dl. Modify the instructions to remove this “ target hemoglobin range ” concept.modifications, ESA recommended in the product package insert as: physicians and their patients with chronic kidney disease, should be weighed using ESAs may benefit in reducing red blood cell transfusion demand, and increases the risk of serious adverse cardiovascular events. Each patient, individualized dose of programmes and adequate to reduce transfusion needs minimal doses of ESA.for anemia in chronic kidney disease patients without dialysis:&Bull;  <10 g/dl only when the haemoglobin levels, and when certain other considerations before considering starting ESA therapy. &Bull;  If the haemoglobin level more than 10 g/dl to reduce ESA dose or discontinuing treatment.for dialysis patients with anemia of chronic kidney disease:&Bull;  when the haemoglobin level <10 g/dl start ESA therapy. &Bull;  If hemoglobin levels when you approach or exceed 11 g/dl, reduce ESA dose or discontinuing treatment.give ESA the first agent at the beginning, this circular does not define when patients when hemoglobin levels lower than 10 g/dl how much, start the ESA is appropriate. The circular did not recommend the treatment goal is to make hemoglobin reached 10 g/dl or above. Individualized dose for each patient should be given to programmes.chronic patients with CKD, ESA dose modification recommendations based on information on clinical trials, including TREAT test (test treatment with Aranesp reduce cardiovascular events), the test displays, use ESAs achieve the goal of >11 g/dl hemoglobin level, increased severe cardiovascular adverse events (such as heart attacks and stroke) of the dangerous, and the patient has no additional benefit.FDA said, will continue to evaluate the security of ESAs, and requiring producers to additional clinical trials.original link: FDA modifies dosing recommendations for Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents www.CMT.com.C

HIV-1 and HSV-2 were suppressi

United States academic studies suggest that for type 1 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) co-infection of patients, in front of the starting antiretroviral treatment, inhibiting HSV-2 can slow the disease progression of HIV-1 infection.　　　Related papers online February 15, 2010, published in the Lancet (Lancet) magazine. The multicenter, double-blind, exploratory testing into 14 medical institutions in Eastern and southern Africa 3,381 cases of double infection in patients with HSV-2 and HIV-1. Selected subjects of the CD4 cell count ≥ 250/μ l, antiretroviral therapy does not start. Its average random grouping, respectively to acyclovir (400 mg,bid) orally or placebo, follow-up of 24 months.　　　Assess the effect of acyclovir on delaying HIV-1 infection progress primary composite end point: first CD4 cell counts less than 200/μ l, starting antiretroviral treatment, no trauma-related deaths. Turns out, in a group with the median CD4 cell count is 462/μ l, HIV-1 as 4.1log10 copies/μ l plasma RNA levels. Acyclovir HIV-1 16% reduction in risk of disease progression, treatment group, control group of 324 cases reached the Primary endpoint of 284 cases [risk ratio (HR) is 0.84]. In patients with CD4 ≥ 350/μ l, effects on luoweike CD4 counts dropped to < 350/μ l reduce the risk of 19% (HR=0.81,P=0.002). www.cmt.com.cn